GCMD’s 3rd marine biofuel supply-chain trial involves inline tracer dosing, onboard blending

Photo: GoodFuels

The Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation announced Aug. 15 that on July 24 it successfully bunkered the third supply chain of a biofuel blend as part of its pilot to develop a quality, quantity and greenhouse-gas (GHG) abatement assurance framework for drop-in green fuels.

Partnering with tonnage provider Eastern Pacific Shipping, this GCMD-led trial involved the Kaupang, a mid-sized gas carrier equipped with a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) dual-fuel engine.

As opposed to sailing on conventional fuel oil, LPG propulsion can reduce emissions. Using LPG, however, requires a pilot fuel and replacing the pilot fuel with a biofuel blend can further reduce emissions.

In this trial, approximately 200 metric tons of marine biofuel consisting of 30 percent hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), also known as renewable diesel, and 70 percent marine gas oil (MGO) provided by GoodFuels was bunkered in the Port of Vlissingen in Flushing, the Netherlands, as the pilot fuel for LPG propulsion.

Prior to this trial, GCMD had successfully traced two supply chains of FAME-based biofuels blends with synthetic DNA from production to consumption through Singapore.

In this most recent trial, GCMD collaborated with GoodFuels, Control Union and IDS to deploy an element-based tracer in HVO to assure its origination and quantity in the biofuel blend.

Unique to this trial, the tracer was dosed in-line with HVO and blended with MGO onboard the bunker vessel.

Carbon dating was conducted in accordance with the EN 16640 standard to independently determine the biogenic-carbon content given the chemical similarities between HVO and some of the components in MGO.

VPS witnessed the trial at all stages from biofuel transfer and onboard blending to bunkering aboard the Kaupang.

VPS also conducted extensive laboratory tests on aliquots of the biofuel and biofuel blend collected at numerous predetermined points along the supply chain to assess quality per EN 15940 and ISO 8217 standards.

Aligning with key outcomes of MEPC 80

MEPC 80 has issued MEPC.1/Circ.905 Interim Guidance on the Use of Biofuels under Regulations 26, 27 and 28 of IMO MARPOL Annex VI (DCS and CII), which will come into effect Oct. 1.

These interim guidelines will provide clarity on the types of biofuels that can be certified sustainable.

To be compliant, these biofuels will also need to meet a minimum requirement of 65 percent emissions reduction against conventional fuel.

Produced from 100 percent waste and residues, the HVO used in this trial has a well-to-wake emissions of 16 gCO2e/MJ.

This translates to an 83 percent reduction in emissions compared to using fossil MGO, and in blending MGO with 30 percent biofuel as the pilot fuel for LPG combustion, this trial demonstrated a 20 percent net reduction in emissions compared to the Kaupang sailing on very-low sulfur fuel oil (VLSFO).

The data collected from this trial augments those collected from the prior two supply-chain trials for GCMD to further develop its assurance framework for drop-in green fuels.

In the context of the recently updated guidelines, this framework should impart greater confidence in fuel purchasers meeting or exceeding IMO regulatory requirements.

“The experiences from this trial will strengthen the development of our framework to provide emissions-abatement assurance when it comes to paying a premium for green fuels over fossil fuels,” said Sanjay Kuttan, GCMD’s chief technology officer. “Through this pilot, we demonstrated that different tracing techniques can help ensure authenticity and quantity of sustainable biofuels in the supply chain. And using a biofuel blend with LPG can be a feasible pathway for ships to meet the recently revised IMO indicative decarbonization checkpoint for 2030.”

Rashim Berry, the senior advisor of special projects at Eastern Pacific Shipping, added, “Eastern Pacific Shipping is pleased to once again team up with GCMD and GoodFuels on a biofuel trial. EPS’s stance has always been to implement various emission-lowering solutions, such as biofuels, across our diverse fleet. Our previous trial proved that biofuels lower CO2 emissions. Therefore, we must keep pushing the envelope by conducting additional testing, including supply-chain integrity. This is the only way to develop a viable solution in the biofuels space that the entire shipping community can adopt. We believe this trial will do just that.”

Johannes Schürmann, GoodFuels’ commercial director, said, “By applying our groundbreaking physical fuel-tracing technology in practice in this pilot, we are jointly taking another significant stride towards a more transparent bunker industry that is geared towards decarbonization in a scalable way. Transparency is becoming even more crucial as we are now starting to bring the new generation of sustainable marine fuels to market. The ability to access reliable technical insights and sustainability guarantees in every step of the supply chain is absolutely essential.”

The remaining two supply chains of the GCMD-led biofuels assurance framework pilot will be trialed in the upcoming months.

Learnings from these trials and details of the assurance framework will be shared broadly through a public report early next year.